STATUS GIZI DAN ASUPAN MAKANAN SERTA KAITANNYA DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PADA ANAK DENGAN LEUKEMIA LIMFOBLASTIK AKUT: SEBUAH SCOPING REVIEW
Main Article Content
Abstract
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer, and improvements in survival rates have increased the importance of maintaining patients’ quality of life during and after treatment. Nutritional status and dietary intake are known to influence treatment tolerance and clinical outcomes; however, evidence regarding their association with quality of life in children with ALL remains limited and fragmented. This scoping review aimed to map the evidence regarding the association between nutritional status, dietary intake, and quality of life among children with ALL. Literature searches were conducted between August and September 2025 using PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. The review followed the PRISMA-ScR guideline and used the PCC (Population, Concept, Context) framework. Eligible studies included original English-language open-access articles published between 2015 and 2025. Of 674 identified articles, five studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings consistently demonstrated that malnutrition, including undernutrition and obesity, as well as inadequate dietary intake, were associated with lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL), particularly in physical, emotional, and social domains. Nutritional screening and dietary compliance were also reported to contribute positively to clinical outcomes and HRQoL. In conclusion, nutritional status and dietary intake are important factors associated with quality of life in children with ALL. Early nutritional assessment and appropriate nutritional interventions should be integrated into comprehensive pediatric oncology care.
Keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukemia, children, dietary intake, nutritional status, quality of life
ABSTRAK
Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut (LLA) merupakan kanker paling umum pada anak, dan peningkatan angka kesintasan menyebabkan perhatian terhadap kualitas hidup pasien selama dan setelah terapi menjadi semakin penting. Status gizi dan asupan makanan diketahui memengaruhi toleransi terapi serta luaran klinis, namun bukti mengenai hubungan keduanya dengan kualitas hidup anak LLA masih terbatas dan belum terpetakan secara komprehensif. Scoping review ini bertujuan memetakan bukti ilmiah terkait hubungan status gizi dan asupan makanan dengan kualitas hidup pada anak dengan LLA. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada Agustus–September 2025 menggunakan database PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pedoman PRISMA-ScR dan kerangka PCC (Population, Concept, Context). Artikel yang memenuhi kriteria meliputi artikel penelitian asli berbahasa Inggris, akses terbuka, dan diterbitkan tahun 2015–2025. Dari 674 artikel yang teridentifikasi, lima artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa malnutrisi, baik gizi kurang maupun obesitas, serta asupan makanan yang tidak adekuat berhubungan dengan penurunan kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan, terutama pada domain fisik, emosional, dan sosial. Skrining gizi dan kepatuhan diet juga dilaporkan berkontribusi terhadap perbaikan luaran klinis dan kualitas hidup pasien. Disimpulkan bahwa status gizi dan asupan makanan merupakan faktor penting yang berkaitan dengan kualitas hidup anak dengan LLA. Oleh karena itu, asesmen dan intervensi gizi perlu diintegrasikan dalam pelayanan onkologi pediatrik secara komprehensif
Kata Kunci: status gizi, asupan makanan, kualitas hidup, leukemia limfoblastik akut, anak-anak
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